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CENTRAL ADVISORY BOARD (CAB) ON DISABILITY

8th June, 2022

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Context - The Union Government has not reconstituted Central Advisory Board (CAB) on Disability since 2020.

 

Details

  • Under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, the Central Advisory Board (CAB) on Disability must meet every 6 months, but the Union Government has not reconstituted the advisory board since the previous Board’s term ended in November 2020.
  • During a press conference, the Union Social Justice and Empowerment Minister maintained silence when a journalist asked him about the status of the Central Advisory Board on Disability (CAB).
  • In 2017, the last time government had appointed the Advisory Board;
    • Its 3-year tenure ended in November 2020.
  • The Advisory board work as the “national-level consultative and advisory body on disability matters”.
    • It is the highest policy-making body for disability matters.

 

Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016

  • The Act replaced the Persons with Disabilities Act of 1995.
  • India is a signatory of the United National Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). The act fulfils the commitment made by India at UNCRPD.
  • Under the Act, types of disabilities have been increased from the existing 7 to 21 and it authorized the Central Government to add more types of disabilities.
  • The 21 disabilities are;
    • Blindness
    • Low-vision
    • Leprosy Cured persons
    • Hearing Impairment (deaf and hard of hearing)
    • Locomotors Disability
    • Dwarfism
    • Intellectual Disability
    • Mental Illness
    • Autism Spectrum Disorder
    • Cerebral Palsy
    • Muscular Dystrophy
    • Chronic Neurological conditions
    • Specific Learning Disabilities
    • Multiple Sclerosis
    • Speech and Language disability
    • Thalassemia
    • Haemophilia
    • Sickle Cell disease
    • Multiple Disabilities including deaf, and blindness.
    • Acid Attack victim
    • Parkinson's disease
  • First-time Speech and Language Disabilities and Specific Learning disabilities have been added to the list.
  • Acid Attack Victims and Dwarfism are also included in the list of Disability.
  • The list of disabilities also included three blood disorders;
    • Thalassemia
    • Haemophilia
    • Sickle Cell disease
  • Directed the governments to ensure that persons with disabilities enjoy their rights equally with others.
  • Persons with benchmark disabilities and those with high support will get additional benefits such as reservations in higher education, government jobs, poverty alleviation schemes etc.
  • Every child between the age group of 6 and 18 years with the benchmark disability shall have the right to free education.
  • Ensure their accessibility in public buildings (both Government and private).
  • Reservation in Public vacancies has been increased from 3% to 4% for persons with benchmark disability.
  • Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability to serve as the highest policy-making bodies at the Central and State level.
  • District-level committees by the State Governments to address local concerns of PwDs.
  • National and State Fund to provide financial support to persons with disabilities.
  • Strict Punishment and Penalties for offences committed against persons with disabilities.
  • Special Courts in each district to take cases regarding violation of rights of PwDs.
  • The Act provided an effective tool for ensuring their empowerment and true inclusion into mainstream society in an acceptable manner.

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