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Consumer Protection

10th May, 2022

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Context - The Union Minister of Consumer Affairs suggested a pragmatic approach to balance the interest of consumers with the need to simplify laws.

 

Details

  • Shri Piyush Goyal, Union Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Textiles, and Commerce & Industry has highlighted the need for the effective implementation of laws to protect consumer interests without the harassment of businesses.
  • He suggested adopting a pragmatic approach to decriminalising laws and urged states to support the initiative to balance the interest of consumers with the need to simplify laws.
  • He said that it is important to bring a transparent system so that people can do business with simplicity. Consumers should be encouraged to come forward with the complaints so as to benefit society as a whole.

 

Consumer Protection Act, 2019

  • The Act defined a consumer as a person who buys any goods or avails of service for final use.
    • It does not include a person who buys a good for resale or a good or service for commercial purposes.
  • It covers transactions through all modes including offline, and online.
  • The Act clearly defined 6 Rights of consumers:
    • Right to be protected against the marketing of goods and services which are hazardous to life and property.
    • Right to be informed about the quality, quantity, potency, purity, standard and price of goods or services.
    • Right to Choice among a variety of goods or services at competitive prices.
    • Right to be heard
    • Right to seek Redressal against unfair or restrictive trade practices.
    • Right to Consumer Awareness
  • Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) to promote, protect and enforce the rights of consumers.
    • It functions under the guidelines of The Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
    • It regulates matters linked to the violation of consumer rights, unfair trade practices, and misleading advertisements.
    • The CCPA has an investigation wing; they may conduct an inquiry or investigation into the case of violations of rules.
  • Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) functions;
    • Inquiring into violations of consumer rights, investigating and taking appropriate action.
    • It could pass orders to recall goods or withdraw hazardous services, and refund the price paid.
    • It Issues directions to the concerned trader/ manufacturer/ endorser/ advertiser/ publisher to either discontinue a false or misleading advertisement.
    • It imposes penalties on a manufacturer or an endorser of up to Rs 10 lakh and imprisonment for up to two years for a false or misleading advertisement. In case of a subsequent offence, the fine may extend to Rs 50 lakh and imprisonment of up to five years.
    • It Issues safety notices to consumers against unsafe goods and services.
  • Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions (CDRCs) at the District, State, and national levels.
    • Appeals from the State CDRC will be heard by the National CDRC.
    • The final appeal to the Supreme Court.
    • The District CDRC will entertain complaints where the value of goods and services does not exceed Rs 1 crore.
    • The State CDRC will entertain complaints when the value is more than Rs 1 crore but does not exceed Rs 10 crore.
    • Complaints with a value of goods and services over Rs 10 crore will be entertained by the National CDRC.

https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1823947