CUSTOM EXEMPTION ON RARE DISEASE DRUGS AND FOOD IMPORT - UPSC Current Affairs

Disclaimer: Copyright infringement not intended.

Context

The Central Government has given full exemption from basic customs duty on all drugs and food for special medical purposes imported for personal use for treatment of all Rare Diseases listed under the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021.

Details

In order to avail this exemption, the individual importer has to produce a certificate from Central or State Director Health Services or District Medical Officer/Civil Surgeon of the district.
Drugs/Medicines generally attract basic customs duty of 10%, while some categories of lifesaving drugs/vaccines attract concessional rate of 5% or Nil.
The Government has also fully exempted Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) used in treatment of various cancers from basic customs duty.

Rationale behind the move

While exemptions have already been provided to specified drugs for treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy or Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, the Government has been receiving many representations seeking customs duty relief for drugs and medicines used in treatment of other Rare Diseases.
Drugs or Special Foods required for the treatment of these diseases are expensive and need to be imported.
It is estimated that for a child weighing 10 kg, the annual cost of treatment for some rare diseases, may vary from ₹10 lakh to more than ₹1 crore per year with treatment being lifelong and drug dose and cost, increasing with age and weight.
This exemption will result in substantial cost savings and provide much needed relief to the patients.

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q. What are Rare diseases? Give a detailed outline of the provisions of National Policy for Rare Diseases (NPRD), 2021.