EVM machines - IAS Gyan

Figure 1: No Copyright Infringement Intended

Context

Chief Minister of Chhattiesgal's father questioned the credibility of the electronic balloting machine (EVM) and, in a letter to the president, called for a national election to be held on a ballot.

Introduced in India in 1982, the Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) allows citizens to vote electronically and easily increase the number of votes cast by the Indian Election Commission.
It consists of two units, a control unit and a selection unit.
They are connected by a 5 meter cable. The EVM is powered by a 6 volt alkaline battery mounted on the control unit.
It can be used even in places without electricity. The control unit is an election supervisor elected by the Election Commission.

Voting Rights: It is a constitutional obligation and the responsibility of the Election Commission and the central government to introduce such a transparent voting and counting system into elections so that the public and voters themselves can evaluate it.
Difficult for hackers to hack: Most advanced versions of electronic voting machines do not have an external communication line that makes it difficult for hackers to hack machines and manipulate counts.
Cheaper to use: Electronic voting machines are cheap and economical. When choosing paper, the amount of raw materials used is high. Paper Voting Paper has a direct impact on the environment because it uses paper to vote.
Save time: Vote counting in minutes makes life easier for voting workers on duty. With paper voting, counting votes is very tedious and time consuming.
Check Bogus voting: Electronic voting machines are very effective against fake voting. Electronic voting machines are programmed to win up to 5 votes per minute. Therefore, it is not possible to cast the wrong vote with one vote.
Easy to Carry: Electronic voting machines are easy to carry and can be moved from one place to another. One device can record multiple votes collected through that device.

No Accreditation: National or internationally recognized agencies or governments do not accredit EVM as a percentage accuracy.
Vulnerable to hacking: Many software programmers claim that electronic voting machines are vulnerable to malicious programming. Once affected, hackers can easily hack machines and tamper with votes.
Data loss: The biggest change in technology is that a single virus can destroy the entire data store, regardless of the amount of data recorded.
Impact of weather: Humid or wet areas are not suitable for voting with electronic voting machines.
Fake Voting: Most electronic balloters used in the country do not have a mechanism for voters to verify their identity before votin This allows fake voters to make a large number of fake votes.

VVPAT:

Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trails (VVPATs) or Validated Paper Records (VPRs) are a way to provide feedback to voters who use a voting system without
VVPAT is intended as an independent verification system for voting machines, a means by which voters verify that voting is correct, detect potential fraudulent votes and malfunctions, and verify stored electronic results.
Includes the candidate's name (who was voted) and the party / individual candidate symbol. VVPAT offers some basic differences as a paper and electronic recording medium for storing votes.