FLiRT

Source: Hindu

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Context

• The emergence of new COVID-19 variants like KP.2 and KP1.1, collectively referred to as the FLiRT variants, has reignited concerns about the ongoing pandemic.

Details

FLiRT Variants

• Origins: KP.2 and KP1.1 are descendants of the Omicron JN.1 variant, which gained global attention during the winter last year.
• Spread: These variants have been detected in various countries, including the U.S., U.K., South Korea, New Zealand, and India.
• Increased Cases: Their emergence has coincided with a rise in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations in certain regions, sparking fears of a new wave of infections.

Characteristics of FLiRT Variants:

• Mutations: Both KP.2 and KP1.1 carry two new spike mutations, distinguishing them from their ancestor and other Omicron variants.
• Invasive Properties: These mutations confer greater invasive properties to the virus, potentially leading to increased transmission and breakthrough infections.
• Immune Evasion: Preliminary evidence suggests that KP.2, in particular, exhibits enhanced immune resistance, surpassing immunity conferred by vaccines and previous infections.

Impact and Management

• The immune evasive properties of FLiRT variants pose challenges to existing vaccines and immunity derived from prior infections.
• There are discussions about updating COVID-19 vaccines to target the new variant JN.1, aiming to enhance protection against emerging strains.
• Vigilant surveillance, customized precautions, and universal vaccination remain crucial in mitigating the spread of these variants and preventing severe illnesses.

Sources:

Hindu

PRACTICE QUESTION Q.  The emergence of FLiRT variants underscores the evolving nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of ongoing surveillance, research, and public health measures to address emerging challenges and protect populations worldwide. Discuss. (150 words)