MADAN MOHAN MALAVIYA

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Context

Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has paid tributes to Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya on his Jayanti.

About

Malaviya is known for founding the Banaras Hindu University and for becoming one of the torchbearers of the freedom struggle — acting as a bridge between the Moderates and the Extremists in the Congress.
He joined the Indian National Congress at its Calcutta session in 1886 — it had been founded a year previously at the Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Mumbai.
Malaviya became president four times — in 1909 (Lahore), in 1918 (Delhi), in 1930 (Delhi), and in 1932 (Calcutta).
He was one of the early leaders of the Hindu Mahasabha, and helped found it in 1906.
He was a social reformer and a successful legislator, serving as a member of the Imperial Legislative Council for 11 years (1909–20).
Malaviya espoused free and compulsory primary education, opposed the system of indentured labour in the British Empire, and supported the nationalisation of railways.
Malaviya was an important figure in the Non-cooperation movement. But he was opposed to the politics of appeasement and the participation of Congress in the Khilafat movement.
In 1930, when Mahatma Gandhi launched the Salt Satyagraha and the Civil Disobedience Movement, he participated in it and courted arrest.
In protest against the Communal Award which sought to provide separate electorates for minorities, Malaviya along with Madhav Shrihari Aney left the Congress and started the Congress Nationalist Party.
The party contested the 1934 elections to the central legislature and won 12 seats.
Malaviya was one of the founders of the Bharat Scouts and Guides.
The "Mahamana" title was conferred to him by Rabindranath Tagore.

Works

He also founded a highly influential, English newspaper, The Leader published from Allahabad in 1909.
In 1910, Malaviyaji started the Hindi paper 'Maryada'
Malaviya started his own Hindi weekly "Abhyudaya"(1907–1909 under his editorship).
With the help of Motilal Nehru he started an English daily the "Leader" in 1909.

https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1785047