MANGAL PANDEY

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Context:

• Mangal Pandey, was hanged to death by the Company on this day — April 8 — 167 years ago.

Mangal Pandey

• In March 1857, a soldier named Mangal Pandey fired a shot that sparked a major event in Indian history: the Revolt of 1857.
• This uprising ended the direct rule of the East India Company over India and led to changes in how India was governed by the British.

Mangal Pandey and Awadh's Anger

• Mangal Pandey came from Awadh, a region that the British took over in 1856, angering its people.
• The soldiers from Awadh, who formed a big part of the British army, were especially upset.
• They were unhappy about the removal of their Nawab and changes to the way land taxes were collected.

Mutiny and Mangal Pandey's Punishment

• Mangal Pandey refused to use a new rifle cartridge, believing it went against his religious beliefs.
• This led to him rebelling against his British officers in March 1857.
• He was hanged in April 1857, but his actions inspired others to join the rebellion.

Spreading Rebellion

• The rebellion spread to other parts of India, with soldiers in Meerut refusing orders in May 1857.
• They marched to Delhi and asked the old Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah II, to lead them.

Brave Actions Despite Challenges

• The rebels faced many difficulties, like lack of weapons and coordination.
• Despite this, they fought bravely for their freedom and identity as Indians.

British Response and End of the Revolt

• The British were shocked by the rebellion but quickly mobilized their forces to suppress it.
• They captured Delhi and exiled Bahadur Shah II, the rebel leader.
• Other rebel leaders met similar fates, and by 1859, the revolt was over.

Lasting Impact

• The Revolt of 1857 led to changes in how India was ruled by the British.
• The British government took direct control over India, and new policies were introduced to address some of the grievances of the Indian people.

Conclusion

• Mangal Pandey's actions and the Revolt of 1857 may not have succeeded, but they inspired future movements for India's independence.
• The rebellion showed that Indians were willing to fight against British rule, setting the stage for later struggles for freedom.

PRACTICE QUESTION Q. Discuss the legacy of Mangal Pandey and the Revolt of 1857 in shaping India's fight for independence.

SOURCE: INDIAN EXPRESS