MESEMBRIUS BENGALENSIS AND M. QUADRIVITTATUS

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Picture Courtesy: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/two-species-of-flower-flies-reported-for-the-first-time-in-kerala/article68422186.ece

 Context: Researchers have discovered two new species of flower flies, Mesembrius bengalensis and M. quadrivittatus, in Kerala.

 Details

• Researchers from the Shadpada Entomology Research Lab (SERL) in Irinjalakuda, Kerala, have made a significant contribution to the field of entomology by discovering two new species of flower flies in the state.
• New species of flower flies ”Mesembrius bengalensis and Mesembrius quadrivittatus” have been identified for the first time in Kerala.
• These newly identified species were discovered in two specific locations in Thrissur district:
  • Kole Wetlands: A significant wetland area known for its rich biodiversity and ecological importance.
  • Vilagan Kunnu Hillocks: A hillock area with unique microhabitats that may differ from those found in wetlands.
• The study is published in the journal ENTOMON, which is the official publication of the Association for Advancement of Entomology.

Flower Flies (Family Syrphidae)

Scientific Classification	●Order: Diptera (true flies) ●Family: Syrphidae (flower flies)
Characteristics and Behavior	● ommon Name: Flower flies, due to their frequent visits to flowers for nectar. ●Mimicry: Many flower flies have evolved to mimic the appearance of bees or wasps. This mimicry helps them avoid predators by simulating the appearance of more dangerous insects. ●Pollination: Flower flies play a crucial role in pollination. Their visits to flowers help in the transfer of pollen, thus supporting the reproduction of various plant species.
Ecological Role	●Pest Control: The larvae of flower flies are important biological control agents. They feed on aphids and other small pests, which helps in controlling pest populations naturally. ● Nutrient Recycling: As decomposers, flower fly larvae help in breaking down organic matter and return nutrients to the soil.

 Significance

• Biodiversity Enrichment: Discovering new species adds to the understanding of the biodiversity in Kerala, highlighting the region’s ecological richness.
• Conservation Efforts: Understanding the distribution and role of flower flies can aid in conservation strategies, particularly in maintaining healthy ecosystems.
• Educational Resource: The detailed documentation and imaging of the species serve as a valuable resource for educational and research purposes.

 Conclusion

• The discovery of Mesembrius bengalensis and Mesembrius quadrivittatus in Kerala not only adds to the known diversity of flower flies in the region but also highlights the ecological importance of these insects. Their role as pollinators and biological control agents highlights their significance in maintaining healthy ecosystems.

 Source:

The Hindu

PRACTICE QUESTION Q. What role do flower flies, including Mesembrius bengalensis and Mesembrius quadrivittatus, play in the ecosystem? A) They are major predators of other insects B) They contribute to nutrient recycling and biological control C) They are primary pollinators of aquatic plants D) They are scavengers of dead organic matter  Answer: B