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Context:

Mormugao Port Authority has gained global recognition by being listed as an incentive provider on the Environment Ship Index (ESI) portal, acknowledged by the International Association of Ports and Harbours (IAPH).

About Mormugao Port:

It is a port on the western coast of India, in the coastal state of Goa. Commissioned in 1885 on the site of a natural harbour, it is one of India's oldest ports. It has a naturally protected open-type harbour, that lies on the southern part of the mouth of the river Zuari. This harbour is also protected using a breakwater and a mole built from the outer end of the breakwater and running parallel to the wharf.

Environment Ship Index (ESI)-

It identifies seagoing ships that perform better in reducing air emissions than required by the current emission standards of the International Maritime Organization, the Environmental Ship Index. The ESI evaluates the amount of nitrogen oxide (NOX), sulphur oxide (SOX) that is released by a ship and includes a reporting scheme on the greenhouse gas emission of the ship. The ESI is a good indication of the environmental performance of ocean-going vessels and will assist in identifying cleaner ships in a general way.

Mormugao Port Authority (MPA)

Historical Background	Mormugao Port was commissioned in 1888. With the rise of mining as a key industry in Goa, it was developed as an iron ore terminal.
Major Port Designation	Mormugao Port was declared a Major Port in 1964.
Iron Ore Traffic Growth	Iron ore traffic growth, especially due to Japanese demand during their industrial reconstruction, contributed to the port's dramatic growth.
Strategic Development Plans	In 1965, a Perspective Plan was established to develop Mormugao Port for deep-water access and high-capacity loading to compete with Brazil and Australia in the iron ore market.
Green Transition	The Harit Shrey program, launched in October 2023, offers discounts on port charges to vessels that use green fuel and emit no nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides.

About Zuari River

It is the largest river in the state of Goa, India. It is a tidal river that originates at Hemad-Barshem in the Western Ghats. The Zuari is also referred to as the Aghanashani in the interior regions.

Tributaries:

The tributaries of Zuari include the Kushawati River, Guleli River, and Uguem River.

International Association of Ports and Harbours (IAPH)

It is the global trade association for seaports worldwide.

It was formed in 1955 and is now recognized as the NGO representing ports worldwide. With over 200 ports in membership, as well as numerous national port representative bodies, it now has consultative status with 5 UN agencies, including UNCTAD and the IMO.

Membership- The IAPH membership is divided into 3 regions: African/European, American and Asian/Oceanian.

Headquarters- The Secretariat is based in Tokyo and is headed by a Secretary General who is appointed by the Board of Directors.

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India's Maritime, Port, Shipping Sector

Source:

PIB

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.Which among the following rivers are the tributaries of the Zuari River?

Udel
Guleli
Uguem
Sarang
Kushawati

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1,2 and 4 only

(b) 1,3 and 5 only

(d) 1,4 and 5 only

Answer: c

Explanation:

Zuari is the largest river in the state of Goa, India. It is a tidal river which originates at Hemad-Barshem in the Western Ghats. The Zuari is also referred to as the Aghanashani in the interior regions.

Tributaries: The tributaries of Zuari include Kushawati River, Guleli River and Uguem River. The Zuari and Mandovi Rivers form an estuarine system.

The important tributaries of Mandovi River are Sarang, Mahainada, Udel, Lohi, Velvota Bicholim, Mapuce, Nanoda and Khandepar. The average rainfall in the Mandovi Basin is 3,484mm. The lowest and highest temperatures recorded are 9.30º C during January 1937 and 42.6º C during March 1959 respectively.

MORMUGAO PORT