mRNA Vaccine | IAS GYAN

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Context

The Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) on Tuesday approved India's first indigenously developed mRNA vaccine against COVID-19manufactured by Gennova Biopharmaceuticals for restricted emergency use for those aged 18 years and above.

mRNA vaccines

The mRNA vaccines do not use the conventional model to produce immune response.
Instead, mRNA vaccine carries the molecular instructions to make the protein in the body through a synthetic RNA of the virus.
The host body uses this to produce the viral protein that is recognized and thereby making the body mount an immune response against the disease.
mRNA-based vaccines are scientifically the ideal choice to address a pandemic because of their rapid developmental timeline.
The mRNA vaccine is considered safe as is non-infectious, non-integrating in nature, and degraded by standard cellular mechanisms.
They are expected to be highly efficacious because of their inherent capability of being translatable into the protein structure inside the cell cytoplasm.
Additionally, mRNA vaccines are fully synthetic and do not require a host for growth, e.g., eggs or bacteria. Therefore, they can be quickly manufactured in an inexpensive manner under cGMP conditions to ensure their "availability" and "accessibility" for mass vaccination on a sustainable basis.