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PATACHITRA

2nd May, 2024

PATACHITRA  

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Context

  • The first generation women patachitra artists of Bengal sell their work online & are recognised world over, encouraging future generations to stay in the profession.

Patachitra

  • Patachitra or Pattachitra is a traditional art form originating from the eastern Indian states of Odisha, West Bengal, and parts of Bangladesh.
  • Known for its intricate details and rich mythological narratives, Patachitra is deeply ingrained in the cultural heritage of the region.

Etymology:

  • The term "Patachitra" originates from the Sanskrit words "patta" meaning "cloth" and "chitra" meaning "picture", reflecting the art form's basis in cloth-based scroll paintings.

Odisha Pattachitra:

  • Pattachitra is a traditional painting style of Odisha, primarily inspired by Hindu mythology and the Vaishnava sect.
  • The paintings are characterized by their rich colors, intricate motifs, and depiction of mythological themes.
  • Pattachitra paintings are done on canvas, with natural colors and traditional techniques employed by skilled Chitrakaras (Odia painters).

Origin:

  • Pattachitra has ancient roots, dating back over a thousand years, and is closely associated with ritual practices and temple art in Odisha.
  • The art form evolved from the region's mural traditions, particularly around religious centers like Puri, Konark, and Bhubaneswar.

Themes and Style:

  • Pattachitra paintings predominantly revolve around themes of Hindu deities, with Lord Jagannath being a central figure.
  • The style combines folk and classical elements, with bold lines, sharp angles, and decorative borders.
  • Common themes include depictions of Jagannath and Radha-Krishna, scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata, and various other religious and mythological narratives.

Technique:

  • Traditionally, Pattachitra paintings are executed on strips of cotton cloth prepared with a mixture of chalk and gum.
  • Artists use natural colors derived from vegetables, minerals, and other organic sources, applying them directly onto the canvas without preliminary sketches.
  • The paintings are finished with a lacquer coating to enhance their durability and glossiness.

Conclusion:

  • Patachitra continues to be a cherished art form in Odisha, embodying the rich cultural heritage and artistic traditions of the region.
  • With its vibrant colors, intricate designs, and timeless narratives, Patachitra remains a testament to the enduring legacy of Indian folk art.
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PRACTICE QUESTION

Q. Describe the significance of Pattachitra as a traditional art form, highlighting its cultural, religious, and artistic aspects.