PRADHAN MANTRI JANJATIYA UNNAT GRAM ABHIYAN

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Context:

The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi approved Pradhan Mantri Janjatiya Unnat Gram Abhiyan with total outlay of Rs.79,156 crore.

Details

• It is a centrally sponsored scheme.
• This scheme will cover around 63,000 villages benefitting more than 5 crore tribal people.  
• It will cover 549 districts spread across all tribal majority villages across 30 States / UTs.
• Aim: The scheme envisions saturation of critical gaps in social infrastructure, health, education, livelihood,through different schemes of Government of India by convergence and outreach.
• The scheme has been planned based on learning and Success of Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN).

Goals and Interventions

• The Mission comprises of 25 interventions which will be implemented by 17-line ministries.
• Each Ministry/Department would be responsible for implementation of scheme related to it in a time bound manner in next 5 years to achieve targeted goals.

Goal-I:  Developing Enabling Infrastructure:

Pucca house for eligible Households with other entitlements: 

Eligible ST household shall have access to pucca housing under the PMAY (Gramin) with availability of tapped water (Jal Jeevan Mission) and electricity supply. Eligible ST household shall also have access to Ayushman Bharat Card (PMJAY).

Improving Village infrastructure:

Ensuring all weather road connectivity to ST majority villages (PMGSY), provide access to mobile connectivity  (Bharat Net) and internet, infrastructure for improving health, nutrition, and education (NHM, Samagra Shiksha and Poshan).

Goal-2: Promotion of Economic Empowerment:

• Providing access to training (Skill India Mission) and ensuring that ST boys/girls get access to long-term skill courses after 10th/12th standard every year.
• Marketing support through Tribal Multipurpose Marketing Centre (TMMC), Tourist Home Stays and Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery support for Forest Right Patta holders.

Goal-3:  Universalization of Access to Good Education:

To increase Gross Enrollment Ratio to the national levels in school and higher education and to make quality education affordable and accessible to ST students (Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan) by setting up tribal hostels in schools at district/block level.

Goal-4:  Healthy lives and Dignified Ageing:

To ensure enhanced access to quality health facilities to ST households, reach towards the national standards in Infant Mortality Ratio , Maternal Mortality Ratio and coverage of immunisation through Mobile Medical Units (National Health Mission).

Progress monitoring

• The tribal villages covered under the Abhiyanwould be mapped on PM Gati Shakti Portal .
• The physical and financial progress will be monitored PM Gati Shakti platform and the best performing districts will be awarded.

Some other conceived innovative schemes under the Abhiyan

Tribal Home Stay

• 1000 Home stays will be promoted under Swadesh Darshan through Ministry of Tourism. 
• In villages which have tourist potential, funding will be provided to the tribal Household and the village for construction of 5-10 Homestays in one village.

Sustainable Livelihood Forest Right Holders (FRA)

The Mission has special focus on 22 lakh FRA patta holders residing in forest areas and the benefits of different schemes will be converged & provided.

Improving infrastructure of Govt residential Schools and Hostels 

The Abhiyan aims to Improve infrastructure of Ashram schools/hostels/Tribal schools /Government residential schools for upgradation on the lines of PM-Shri Schools.

Advance facilities for diagnosis of Sickle Cell Disease

Centre of Competence (CoC) would be set up in AIIMS and premier Institutes in the States where the Sickle disease is prevalent, for pre-natal diagnosis and to reduce the prevalence of the disease by preventing future births.   

Tribal Multipurpose Marketing Centre

For effective marketing of tribal products and for improving marketing infrastructure, awareness, branding, packaging, and transportation facilities 100 TMMCs will be set up to enable the tribal producers to get right price for their produce.

Must read articles

PM JANJATI ADIVASI NYAYA MAHA ABHIYAN: https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/pm-janjati-adivasi-nyaya-maha-abhiyan

Tribal development in India: https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/porja-bagata-goud-and-konda-dora

PVTGs and Habitat rights: https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/baiga-tribe#:~:text=These%20rights%20entail%3A,of%20traditional%20means%20of%20livelihood.

Source:

https://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/news_updates/cabinet-approves-pradhan-mantri-janjatiya-unnat-gram-abhiyan/

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/cabinet-approves-pradhan-mantri-janjatiya-unnat-gram-abhiyan-sanctions-79156-crore-for-tribal-communities/article68655899.ece

PRACTICE QUESTION Q.Analyse the impact of the various government policies and schemes for the development of tribal communities in India. Suggest measures to make these policies more inclusive and responsive to the needs of tribal communities. 250 words