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Salihundam Buddhist Site

27th June, 2024

Salihundam Buddhist Site

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Context

  • Srikakulam, despite its designation as one of Andhra Pradesh's most underdeveloped districts, holds a treasure trove of historical sites including prominent Buddhist sites, Neolithic-era caves, and ancient temples.
  • Located in the northern corner bordering Odisha, it remains relatively unknown globally, despite its proximity to Visakhapatnam.
  • Historians, academics, writers, and heritage enthusiasts have been actively involved in efforts to revive Srikakulam's historical prominence.

Focus on Salihundam Buddhist Site

Salihundam, situated in Gara mandal, has been a focal point of restoration efforts:

  • Archaeological Significance: Excavations have revealed remains dating from the 2nd century BC to the 12th century AD, including stupas, relic caskets, and sculptures of Buddhist deities like Mareechi and Tara.
  • Preservation Efforts: Initiatives by the Archaeological Survey of India and the Tourism department have helped maintain the site's integrity despite historical challenges.

Salihundam History

  • Ancient Name: Originally known as Salipetaka, meaning "box of bones."
  • Historical Significance: Home to impressive Buddhist monuments from the 2nd century AD.
  • Location: Situated on the banks of River Vamsadhara.
  • Monuments: Includes maha stupas, votive stupas, chaityas, platforms, viharas, and mandapas.
  • Main Stupa: Unfortunately, the main stupa is in ruins.
  • Discovery: The site was discovered in 1919.
  • Buddhist Evolution: Depicts the evolution of the three eras of Buddhism - Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana.
  • Spread of Buddhism: From this site, Buddhism spread to Sumatra and other South-East Asian countries.

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.   Consider the following statements regarding the Buddhist site of Salihundam:

1.It is situated on the banks of River Vamsadhara.

2.The site includes maha stupas, votive stupas, chaityas, platforms, viharas, and mandapas.

3.Salihundam was discovered in the 18th century.

4.The site depicts the evolution of the three eras of Buddhism - Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

a) 1, 2, and 3 only

b) 1, 2, and 4 only

c) 1, 3, and 4 only

d) 2, 3, and 4 only

Answer: b) 1, 2, and 4 only

Explanation:

  • Statement 1: Correct. Salihundam is situated on the banks of River Vamsadhara.
  • Statement 2: Correct. The site includes maha stupas, votive stupas, chaityas, platforms, viharas, and mandapas.
  • Statement 3: Incorrect. Salihundam was discovered in 1919, not in the 18th century.
  • Statement 4: Correct. The site depicts the evolution of the three eras of Buddhism - Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana.

Thus, the correct answer is b) 1, 2, and 4 only.

SOURCE: THE HINDU