STEM CELLS

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Context:

• The Ophthalmology Department of GSVM Medical College has cured four patients who lost their eyesight due to damaged retina because of congenital and serious diseases.

Details:

• Stem cells extracted from placenta remnants and transplanted into the retina of the eyes have been successful in restoring vision in patients. To take forward the research project, a grant has been sought to raise facilities and resources.

Stem Cells:

• About:A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to develop into specialised cell types in the body.
• Production:Blood stem cells are produced in the bone marrow and can become any kind of blood cell the body needs. Stem cells are constantly dividing and maturing into different types of blood cells, replacing older and worn-out blood cells in the body. They produce billions of new blood cells every day.
• Inadequate production:If the stem cells cannot make enough new blood cells, many serious health problems can occur. These problems may include infections, anemia, or bleeding.

Stem Cell Transplantation:

• About:Stem cell transplantation (SCT), sometimes referred to as bone marrow transplant, is a procedure in which a patient receives healthy stem cells to replace damaged stem cells.
• Engraftment:After the stem cells are infused into the patient’s bloodstream, they travel to the bone marrow and begin the process of forming new, healthy blood cells including white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. This process is called “engraftment.”

https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kanpur-gsvm-becomes-first-institute-to-cure-blindness-through-stem-cell-transplants-2332807-2023-02-10