TURKEY - UPSC Current Affairs

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Context: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who has led Turkey for 20 years, has been announced as the winner of a run-off. He has secured 52.14% of the vote, while his opponent, Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, has received 47.86%.

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This is a historic moment for Turkey, as it marks the first time that a presidential election has gone to a second round since the constitutional referendum of 2017 that granted sweeping powers to the head of state.
Erdoğan, who co-founded the Justice and Development Party (AKP) in 2001, has dominated Turkish politics for two decades, serving as prime minister from 2003 to 2014 and as president since then.
Kılıçdaroğlu, who leads the main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) and was backed by a six-party alliance, conceded defeat and congratulated Erdoğan on his win.

Turkey

Turkey is a country that occupies a unique geographic position, lying partly in Asia and partly in Europe.
Turkey has a diverse geography, culture, economy and history that make it an interesting and significant country in the world.
It is among the larger countries of the region in terms of territory and population, and its land area is greater than that of any European state.
Turkey has well-defined natural borders with its eight neighbours:
- Armenia, Iran, and Azerbaijan in the east
- Georgia in the northeast
- Bulgaria and Greece in the northwest
- Iraq and Syria in the southeast
Turkey has a coastline along the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.
Turkey's strategic position has also made it a regional power and a key ally for many countries.